• Maintain academic independence and fair assessment.
  • Evaluate submissions according to scope, scholarly merit, originality, clarity, and ethical compliance.
  • Protect confidentiality of submitted manuscripts and review materials.
  • Select reviewers with relevant expertise and without known conflicts of interest.
  • Manage conflicts of interest transparently.
  • Investigate ethical concerns carefully and proportionately.
  • Provide decision justifications based on editorial assessment and reviewer recommendations.
  • Protect the integrity of the scholarly record through corrections, notices, or retractions where necessary.
  • Address complaints and appeals through a documented editorial process.